Hasada, Rie (2003). “Cultural script” on Japanese attitude towards emotion. Tokyo University of Foreign Studies Bulletin of Japanese Language Center for International Students, 29, 27-67. PDF (open access)

This paper aims to explicate and define the tacit cultural norms/rules associated with Japanese people’s attitudes towards emotions and the expression of emotion in Japanese culture. It represents these norms/rules in the form of “cultural scripts”, using Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) as a descriptive tool.


Research carried out by one or more experienced NSM practitioners