Goddard, Cliff (1986). The natural semantics of too. Journal of Pragmatics, 10(5), 635-643. DOI: 10.1016/0378-2166(86)90018-4

This paper proposes semantic explications in natural language for some half-dozen constructions employing the English particle of ‘emphatic conjunction’ too. It argues that a range of quite subtle meaning differences can be modelled by applying minor variations of a single basic meaning (roughly, ‘one more … the same’) to different levels of illocutionary structure.


Research carried out by one or more experienced NSM practitioners